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Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh

Aligarh Muslim University is a Residential Academic Institution which was established in 1875. It was established by the Indian Muslims and the Act of Indian Parliament made it University. It is located in the city of Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. Modelled on the University of Cambridge, it was among the first institutions of higher learning set up during the British Raj. Originally it was Mohammedan Anglo-Oriental College, which was founded by a great Muslim social reformer Sir Syed Ahmed Khan. Many prominent Muslim leaders, and Urdu writers and scholars of the subcontinent have graduated from the University. Aligarh Muslim University is a residential academic institution of International repute offering more than 250 Courses in traditional and modern branch of Education. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, a great social reformer of his age felt the need for modern education and started a school in 1875 which later became the Mohammedan Anglo Oriental College and finally Aligarh Muslim University in 1920. This is a premier Central University with several faculties and maintained institutions and draws students from all corners of the world, specially Africa, West Asia and South East Asia. In some courses, seats are reserved for students from SAARC and Commonwealth countries. The University is open to all irrespective of caste, creed, religion or sex. Aligarh is situated at a distance of 130 km, South-East of Delhi on Delhi-Calcutta Railway and Grand Trunk route

History

Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
The University grew out of the work of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan who in the aftermath of the Indian War of Independence of 1857 felt that it was important for Muslims to gain modern education and become involved in the public life and Government Services in India at that time. Raja Jai Kishan helped Sir Syed a lot in establishing this university. The British decision to replace the use of the knowledge of Persian in the 1830s for Government employment and as the language of Courts of Law caused deep anxiety among Muslims of the sub-continent. Sir Syed then clearly foresaw the imperative need for the Muslims to acquire proficiency in the English language and "Western Sciences" if the community were to maintain its social and political clout, particularly in Northern India. He began to prepare the road map for the formation of a Muslim University by starting various schools. In 1864, the Scientific Society of Aligarh was set up to disseminate Western works into native languages as a prelude to prepare the community to accept "Western Education". Sir Sultan Mahommed Shah, The Aga Khan III has contributed greatly to Aligarh Muslim University in terms collecting funds and providing financial support.

In 1875, Sir Syed founded the Muhammadan Anglo Oriental College in Aligarh and patterned the college after Oxford and Cambridge universities that he had visited on a trip to England. His objective was to build a college in tune with the British education system but without compromising its Islamic values.

It was one of the first purely residential educational institution set up either by the Government or the public in India. Over the years it gave rise to a new educated class of Muslims who were active in the political system of the British Raj, and who would serve as a catalyst for change among not only the Muslim population of India, but of the entire subcontinent. When Viceroy to India, Lord Curzon visited the College in 1901, he praised the work which was carried on by the College and called it of "sovereign importance".

The Nazrana Mohmaadi college was originally affiliated with the University of Calcutta, and was transferred to the Allahabad University in 1885. Near the turn of the century it began publishing its own magazine, and established a law school. It was also around this time that a movement began to have it develop into a university to stand on its own. To achieve this goal, many expansions were made with more and more programs added to the curriculum. A school for girls was established in 1907. By 1921(exact year 1920), the College was transformed into a university, and it was named Muslim University. Its growth continued. The first chancellor of the university was a female, Sultan Shah Jahan Begum. In 1927, a school for the blind was established, and the following year, a Medical School was attached to the university. By the end of the 1930s, the University had also developed its Engineering faculty. Syed Zafarul Hasan, joined the Aligarh Muslim University in early 1900s as Head of Philosophy Department, Dean Faculty of Arts. He was a pro-Vice Chancellor prior to his retirement, and brought good name to the University.

Current status
Aligarh Muslim University is a residential academic institution offering more than 280 Courses in traditional and modern branch of Education. It has currently 12 Faculties viz. Agricultural Sciences, Arts, Commerce, Engineering & Technology, Law, Life Sciences, Management Studies & Research, Medicine, Science, Theology, Unani Medicine and Social Science.

Currently the University has almost thirty thousand students, and over two thousand faculty members with over eighty departments of study. It continues to function as an education institution in India, and draws students from a number of countries, especially countries in Africa, West Asia and South East Asia. In some courses, seats are reserved for students from SAARC and Commonwealth countries.

Aligarh Muslim University is one of the premier central universities in independent India.

The University held its 58th annual convocation on June 18, 2011. Its chief guest was the former president of India, APJ Abdul Kalam and business and Azim Hashim Premji, the chairman of Wipro Technologies Limited. Both of them were conferred with an honorary degree of Doctor of Science. Former chief justice of India, Justice AM Ahmadi, besides many other high profile guests were also present. On the occasion 55 gold and 135 silver medals were awarded and more than 4500 degrees were conferred.

Eminent Alumni of Aligarh Muslim University (AMU)
Zakir Hussain, Former President of India
Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, Freedom Fighter also known as Frontier Gandhi
Rafi Ahmad Kidwai, First communication minister of independent India
Mohammad Hamid Ansari, Current Vice President of India, Chairman of the National Commission for Minorities (NCM), Academician, Former Diplomat, and former Vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University
Ishwari Prasad, Historian
Akhlaq Mohammed Khan 'Shahryar', A noted Urdu Academician, and poet (movie: Umraojaan)
Sheikh Abdullah, Prime Minister of Kashmir and later served as Chief Minister of Kashmir
Dr. Rahi Masoom Reza, Eminent Writer, Mahabharat Teleserial fame
Saeed Jaffrey, Well known Hindi/Urdu Film Actor
Shahid Lateef, Eminent Hindi/UrduFilm Director: Dev Anand and Late Kaifi Azmi started their fim careers with him
Sahib Singn Verma, Indian Politician from BJP and Former Chief Minister of Delhi
Mohammad Yunus, A former diplomat and ambassador to Spain, Turkey and Indonesia
Dhyan Chand, Considered the Greatest field hockey player ever
K. Asif, Legendary Film Director of Mughal-e-Azam fame
Lala Amarnath, Former Indian Cricket team Captain & Father of Mohinder Amarnath
Naseeruddin Shah, Well known Hindi/Urdu Film Actor
Ghulam Mustafa Khan, Researcher, Critic, Linguist, Author, Scholar of Urdu literature & Linguistics, Educationist & Spiritual Leader of Pakistan
Shibli Nomani, Islamic Scholar
Liaquat Ali Khan, First Prime Minister of Pakistan
Mushtaq Ahmad Yusufi, Foremost Pakistani Urdu humorist
Mukhtar Masood, Urdu writer, Pakistani bureaucrat
Abul Lais Siddiqui, Researcher, Critic, Linguist, Author, Scholar of Urdu literature & Linguistics
Shakeel Badayuni, an accomplished Urdu poet, lyricist and songwriter
Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Urdu writer, researcher, linguist, lexicographer
Syed Waqar Ahmed Rizvi, Researcher, Critic, Linguist, Author, Scholar of Urdu literature & Linguistics
Mir Mahfooz Ali, Judge, Revenue Secretary (Khairpur State), Writer, Muslim League founding Signatory
Ch. Abdul Hameed Khan, Rehabilitation Commissioner of East and West Pakistan.
Amin Kamil, One of the greatest poets in Kashmiri language
Javed Akhtar, Famous lyricist and scriptwriter of Salim-Jawed fame of Sholay
Gulgee, World-renowned Pakistani artist famous for his paintings and Islamic calligraphy
Ali Ashraf Fatmi, Minister of state, HRD, Govt. of India 2003-present
Mushtaq Ali, Former Indian Cricket Team captain
Prof P.S. Gill, Renowned Physicist
Prof. Mohammad Habib, Noted Historian and freedom fighter
Dr. Irfan Habib, World Famous Historian
Zafar Iqbal, Former India Hockey Team Captain
Majaz (Asrarul Haq), Urdu Poet and writer of AMU Tarana
Nawab Mirza Aqil Hussain Barlas, Persian Scholar & Incharge of Egyptian Embassy
Prof. Abdur Rahman Hanafi, AMU Alumni and Professor, Mathematician and Activist
Prof. Aley Ahmad Suroor, Famous Urdu critic, Writer & recipient of Padma Bhushan
Prof. Rasheed Ahmad Siddiqi, Famous Urdu critic and writer
Kaifi Azmi, Famous Urdu Poet
Bilquis Azmat Gauhar, Professor, Meteorologist, Writer, 1922-2003
Mushirul Hasan, Professor, Currently Vice Chancellor of Jamia Millia Islamia
Syed Zahoor Qasim, Father of Oceanography and Polar research in India
Prof. Moonis Raza, Noted Academician, freedom fighter and former Vice Chancellor Delhi University
Anubhav Sinha, Famous director of Hindi movies (Tum Bin, Dus, Cash etc.)
Dalip Tahil, Famous Hindi movies artist
Sahib Singh Verma, Former Chief Minister of Delhi State & former Union Cabinet Minister
Prof. Abrar Mustafa Khan, Emeritus Professor and Father of Nematology in India
Zarina Hashmi, Highly ranked modern artist
Prof. Nazir Ahmad, Professor Emeritus, Persian Scholar, Critic, Linguist, Lexicographer and Editor
Justice Niamatullah, Former Justice of High Court - Allahabad
Rahman, Actor, worked in films like: Waqt, Sahib Bibi aur Ghulam etc.
Zubeida, Leading lady of first talkie movie of India-Alam Ara
Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, A leading movie scriptwriter & director, and journalist
Prof. Dr. Syed Khalid Rashid, A leading authority in Wakaf Law
Majrooh Sultanpuri, A leading lyricist of Hindi/Urdu Film Industry
Kaif Rizvani,A famous Poet/Lyricist/Humorist(Jinnah se Quaid/Sehar Gazeeda Fame settled in Pakistan

External links
Aligarh Muslim University Official Website

http://www.amu.ac.in/

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